Case Closed: Lee Harvey Oswald and the Assassination of JFK

Case Closed: Lee Harvey Oswald and the Assassination of JFK

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By Gerald Posner
A Doubleday Anchor Book, 1994, originally published by Random House in 1993 Buy this Book!

Case Closed is a significant work in twentieth-century history that persuasively argues for the “case” of Lee Harvey Oswald (1939 – 1963) as “the lone assassin” of President John F. Kennedy (1917 – 1963) in Dallas, Texas, on Friday, November 22, 1963. Author Gerald Posner, a former Wall Street lawyer turned investigative journalist, presents a biography of Oswald that brings this troubled, dangerous, sociopathic individual to life, detailing evidence with new perspectives in a compelling way that, while not perfect, are nevertheless fuller and more convincing than the inconclusive conspiracy theories presented in Breach of Trust: How the Warren Commission Failed the Nation and Why (2005),by Gerald D. McKnight, professor emeritus of history at Hood College in Frederick, Maryland. Comments and quotations from Breach of Trust are offered in this review because the book scholastically propounds conspiracy theories while steadfastly rejecting the single assassin conclusion of the Warren Commission, a conclusion first made public in September of 1964. The truth may actually be found in-between the two sides of the argument: Oswald acted alone but was moved to actions by a complex of violent unseen spiritual forces that functioned unconsciously within him. The recognition of the roles that these very real spiritual forces play in such tragic events is long overdue and there can be no satisfactory resolutions until these realities are revealed through spiritual cognition. More on the “case” for spiritual science will come later in this review.

From the back cover of the 1994 paperback edition of Case Closed: “The most authoritative work to date… gripping and convincing… likely to stand as the starting point for any future examination of Kennedy’s death.” – The Christian Science Monitor. “Unlike many of the 2,000 other books that have been written about the Kennedy assassination, Case Closed is a resolutely sane piece of work. More importantly [it] is utterly convincing in its thesis… fascinating and important… Case closed, indeed.” – Jeffrey Toobin, Chicago Tribune. However, books and videos indicating the matter is far from settled have continued to appear since 1994, although a fair number of these accounts can only be described as parasitic. One excellent internet site (address below) that presents the most important facts and controversies about this embroiled subject with simplicity and clarity can be recommended: The Kennedy Assassination, by John McAdams, 1995 – 2012. At the bottom of the home page is a link to the Photo Gallery, and under the section “Suspects and Other Folks,” there are two photos that are especially revealing: “Oswald at Friday Evening Newscast,” where Oswald appears to be in a shock of realization, and “Jack Ruby with Defense Attorney Melvin M. Belli,” where Ruby appears to be possessed by a demon.

From Case Closed, the most important preceding event pointing to Oswald as the lone assassin was his failed attempt, on April 10, 1963, to assassinate General Edwin A. Walker (1909 – 1993), then retired and residing in Dallas. General Walker was involved in right-wing politics and white supremacy causes, which reveals him to be nearly the polar opposite of JFK. Setting out in his resolve, Oswald left a note in Russian for his wife Marina that was later discovered by the FBI. The note gives her instructions in the event that he should be arrested or should not return home. “Marina starting shaking. ‘I couldn’t understand at all what can he be arrested for,’ she recalled. She was frantic by the time Oswald returned at 11:30. He was pale and out of breath from walking quickly. ‘I showed him the note and asked him, What is the meaning of this? …And he told me not to ask him any questions,’ she said. ‘He only told me that he had shot at General Walker.’ She was horrified. She asked him about the rifle, and he said he had buried it.” Oswald was disgusted that his shot had missed, for he had planned the assassination of the “fascist” for two months. Of course, he followed the news accounts about the failed assassination, disappointed that there was nothing about it on the radio that evening, and later laughing heartily about errors in the newspaper reports. Posner adds in a footnote: “The House Select Committee utilized an advanced technique to subject the bullet [found badly damaged in Walker’s house] to neutron-activation tests, and determined the Walker slug was a Western Cartridge Company 6.5mm bullet, the same type of bullet, made by the same manufacturer, as that used later in President Kennedy’s assassination.” However, according to the McKnight book and scores of other publications, neutron-activation tests cannot provide absolute proof in these and in similar circumstances. Thus, with even the fact of Oswald’s note challenged by, e.g., Breach of Trust, it becomes necessary to rely solely on the evidence of Marina Oswald’s story. She did not initially reveal this story to the FBI, probably out of fear of incriminating herself. Later, what possible reason could she have for lying about anything like this?

Posner describes in detail the circumstances of the very dark destiny that led Oswald to the perfect time and place for the assassination, beginning with Oswald’s timely employment in mid-October with the Texas School Book Depository. The sixth floor southeast corner window of the Depository was situated just over the 120-degree turn from Houston onto Elm Street, a corner that had “an ideal, unobstructed view” of the motorcade route that had been selected earlier in the week for its convenience in enabling the Kennedys and other officials to arrive in time for a luncheon appointment. In addition, the Depository employees were also on their lunch hour, so the sixth floor was clear of witnesses to the extent that Oswald could stack up boxes so as to remain hidden and to prepare the support for his rifle. Oswald was unquestionably a “sharpshooter.” The endlessly debated question as to how many shots were fired from how many persons should have been resolved from this fact and from the ballistics evidence presented in Appendix A of Case Closed.

From the “Conclusion” of Breach of Trust: “After forty years the ‘who’ and ‘why’ of Dallas longs for an answer that cannot be given definitively and responsibly… The Warren Commission went through the motions of an investigation that was little more than an improvised exercise in public relations. The government did not want to delve into the heart of darkness of the Kennedy assassination because it feared what it might uncover: the brutal truth that Kennedy was a victim of deep divisions and visceral distrust over how to solve the “Castro problem,” and that his assassination was carried out by powerful and irrational forces within his own government.” The assassination of Robert Kennedy on June 6, 1968 has also raised many issues of possible conspiracy theories. As examples: Sirhan Sirhan was unaware of his actions and was programed by persons unknown; there was CIA involvement due to deep anger over what was seen as a betrayal by both Kennedy’s that led to the failure of the April 17, 1961 Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba.

Through the following quotations from Lecture One of the 1917 series of lectures on “The Fall of the Spirits of Darkness,” given by Rudolf Steiner during the chaos of World War I (all 14 lectures in this series are recommended), it can be seen that both Oswald as a lone assassin and the powerful and irrational forces unleashed due to the failure of humanity to develop spiritual cognition are responsible for the JFK tragedy. Combine these causes with the corruption and immorality rampant during this time period in multiple segments of society, including among those in the highest positions of the government, such as Lyndon B. Johnson, J. Edgar Hoover and Kennedy himself, and this leads to volatile, potentially explosive situations in human life and in society, as happened on November 22, 1963. The answer is the penetration of light, through spiritual cognition, into the “heart of darkness,” and this is not the responsibility of the government, nor is the failure to do so the fault of the government. This is the responsibility of every individual, and doubly so for political and religious leaders.

Chaos has arisen because reality is considered in an unspiritual way and the world of the spirit cannot be ignored with impunity. You may think it is enough to live with thoughts and ideas that are wholly derived from the physical world. It is what people generally think today, though this does not make it true. The most completely and utterly wrong idea humanity has ever had is — to put it simply — that the spirits will put up with being ignored. You may consider it egotistical and selfish on their part, but the terminology is different in their world. Egotism or not, the spirits take their revenge if they are ignored here on earth. This is a law, an iron necessity. One way to characterize the present time is to say that the present human chaos is the revenge of the spirits who have been ignored for too long. I have often said, both here and elsewhere: A mysterious connection exists between human consciousness and the destructive powers of decline and fall in the universe…

Anyone who knows the history of ideas of the last decades of the nineteenth and the first decades of the twentieth century also knows that people actually no longer knew how to use the term ‘spirit.’ It has been used to describe all kinds of things, but not the true spirit. Those souls therefore had no opportunity of knowing the spirit whilst here on earth and they have to take the consequences. Having gone through the gate of death and entered the world of the spirit, they are thirsting for — well, what are they thirsting for, these souls who lived in materialism here? They are thirsting for destructive powers in the physical world! Those are the dues and they must be paid.

There is no easy way of dealing with these things. If we want to know the realities in this sphere, we must acquire a feeling for what the ancient Egyptians called ‘iron necessity.’ Terrible as it may be, it was necessary that destruction should spread, for those who had gone through the gate of death were longing for the destructive powers in which they are able to live, seeing they did not receive what was due to them and had been deprived of spiritual impulses while on earth.

Just think how easy it is for some people to present their friends with an image of the region into which human beings enter when they have gone through the gate of death. Consider the unctuous sermons preached in the churches — with politicians now actually following the example of these sermonizers — and the facile notions people have of the world of the spirit, and you simply cannot help realizing how far removed from reality is the facile vanity of many of today’s leading figures. Compare the speeches of such leading figures — their lives show that they do anything but lead and that they are guided by all kinds of forces of which they are completely unconscious and which are not the right forces — compare this with what is really needed at the present time, and you will realize the immense gravity of the present situation.” – Review by Martha Keltz

References:

The Kennedy Assassination, by John McAdams, 1995 – 2012
[http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/home.htm]

The Fall of the Spirits of Darkness, 14 Lectures by Rudolf Steiner, 1917.
[http://wn.rudolfsteinerelib.org/Lectures/GA177/English/RSP1993/19170929p01.html]

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Parzival Reconsidered: How the Grail Sites Were Found – Wolfram Von Eschenbach as a Historian

How the Grail Sites Were Found

How the Grail Sites Were Found

Werner Greub (Author),
Robert J. Kelder – Willehalm Institute Press – Amsterdam (Translator) Buy This Book!

The 13th century German poet-knight Wolfram von Eschenbach assures us that his famous Grail romance Parzival contains descriptions of historical events that took place eleven generations before his time, i.e. in the 9th century, exactly in the way he narrates them. The source for his material he describes as a certain “well-known master Kyot the Provençal”, thus not, as still generally is assumed, Perceval by the French poet Chrétien de Troyes that appeared some 20 years earlier. But because this enigmatic figure Kyot could, until now, not historically be identified, his existence has long been cast in doubt, and so it is widely assumed that Wolfram based Parzival on poetic justice. With respect to his Willehalm, an unfinished epic poem on the heroic exploits of the Franconian William of Orange, it is still generally believed that Wolfram’s source was the semi-historical folklore of the Aliscans, one of the many so-called Chansons de geste of the roving  troubadours of the south of France. At that time the troubadours were extolling the rather fantastic and pious deeds of this paladin of Emperor Charlemagne. One of the last protectors of Celtic or Grail Christianity, the paladin was declared in 1066 a patron saint of the knights by Pope Alexander II.

In one of his lectures on Christ and the Spiritual World: The Search for the Holy Grail , the Austrian-born founder of the science of the Grail, also known as Anthroposophy, Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925), stated on January 1, 1914, that Kyot is no mere figment of a poet’s vivid imagination, but definitely a historical figure, who lived not in the 12th, as is still generally believed, but in the 9th century. In private conversations, moreover, he described the Arlesheim Hermitage – an old Celtic sacred landscape near the site of the Goetheanum in Dornach, Switzerland – as the actual Grail area where Parzival had his eventful meetings with Trevrizent and Sigune, both of whom lived in seclusion as hermits not far from Wolfram’s Grail Castle Munsalvaesche, often mistakenly thought to be Montségur on the French side of the Pyrenees.

The above indications by Wolfram von Eschenbach and Rudolf Steiner motivated the Swiss-born anthroposophist and Grail researcher Werner Greub (1909-1997) to take Wolfram von Eschenbach’s words seriously, thereby succeeding, as it were, in bringing the Grail down to earth. Carefully following all of Wolfram’s manifold indications from the original Middle High German texts to the letter, and reading the landscape as a largely unspoiled script, he not only found Kyot to be none other than the medieval William of Orange, but also discovered, or rather decoded, most of the historic scenes of actions where – in the first half of the ninth century – most of the actual events in Parzival as well as Willehalm must have taken place in an area of what now is now called Alsace, Switzerland, Germany and France. This led Werner Greub to formulate his novel and controversial theory that Wolfram von Eschenbach is not only to be regarded as a great poet, but also as an exact chronicler of Parzival’s revolutionary inauguration as Grail king at Whitsun Saturday, May 12, 848 in the Grail castle Munsalvaesche located halfway up a hill on an ancient Roman quarry in the Arlesheim Hermitage. Wolfram’s references to various planetary constellations also turned out to be so exact that by means of extensive astronomical calculations the whole chronology of Parzival and, indirectly, that of Willehalm could be established.

As the title of this voluminous research report suggests, the emphasis lies not so much on the where but on the how. Werner Greub managed to depict his discovery of the Grail sites on various maps and in the geographical reality itself in such a manner that every scene of action can be represented and experienced step by step within the mind of the attentive reader. The reader is invited to make the next step of visiting the Parzival and Wilhelm geography in person in order to make an experiential assessment on the merits of this unique book that purports to be the hitherto considered legendary Grail tradition in a completely new light.

How The Grail Sites Were Found was first published under the title Wolfram von Eschenbach und die Wirklichkeit des Grals in 1974 by the Goetheanum, School for Spiritual Science founded by Rudolf Steiner in 1923 as the research and development center of the General Anthroposophical Society. It elicited such controversy that the second and third volumes of this projected Grail trilogy were never officially published. Due to these and other extenuating circumstances, it took 27 years for this book to be translated and first published as a ring-bound manuscript in English in 2001 and another 12 years before this first book edition could finally see the light of day. (A French edition was published as La Quête du Gral in 2002 and a Dutch translation Willem van Oranje, Parzival en de Graal by the Willehalm Institute Press in 2009.) More »

The Pendle Zodiac: A Guide through the Sacred Landscape of Pendle

The Pendle Zodiac

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By Thomas Sharpe
Spirit of Pendle Publishing, 2012 Buy this Book!

Thomas Sharpe (b. 1970) was born and lives in the area of Pendle, in the Rose County of Lancashire, in northern England. This area is well-known from the 1652 visit made by George Fox, a founder of the Quakers or Friends, during which, at a well on Pendle side, he had a mystical or Christic vision. As a result of this vision, Pendle has been strongly linked with the Quakers, and the well is called George Fox’s Well. A 2002 publication, The Lancashire Witches, Histories and Stories, edited by Robert Poole, is described as “the first major study of England’s biggest and best-known witch trial, which took place in 1612.”

The author first became open to clairvoyant perception in 1989, using a book by Carl Rider, Your Psychic Power: A Practical Guide to Developing Your Natural Clairvoyant Abilities. Rider’s book was based on exercises taken from Knowledge of the Higher Worlds and Its Attainment, by Rudolf Steiner. In response to a question, he wrote that the Carl Rider book “guided my clairvoyant imaginations, though without an adequate background of interpretation which a broader study of Anthroposophy would have provided.” He had been inspired by the work of Walter J. Stein and books on projective geometry, attended some lectures related to the work of Rudolf Steiner, studied Goethe’s spiritual science, and in 2008 began a study of Anthroposophy, partly to acquire a fundamental basis for his natural clairvoyance in relation to the geomantic work in Pendle. He made several valuable contributions to the 2011 publication of the Brunnen von Christus Group, The Writing of the Heart, Book II.

From the Preface: “The supposition of giant zodiacal effigies set around the Pendle landscape was originally illustrated through the unostentatious ‘Terrestrial Zodiacs in Britain: Nuthampstead and Pendle Zodiac’ (1976), by N. Pennick and R. Lord, Institute of Geomantic Research, Cambridge.” The author’s revision “is somewhat in the spirit of [William] Blake — a documented lifetime’s journey exploring the Pendle landscape, charting my cumulative visions and experiential encounters with the super-sensory world. The panorama that unfolds will genially inaugurate the reader into a mythical landscape, complete with landscape zodiac, sacred geometry and geomantic alignments.” From the beginning of the first chapter: “My background is local to Pendle, having been born under the presence of Pendle Hill, as viewed from the west-facing windows of the house in which I grew up. My early interests included art, with a leaning towards the natural sciences, particularly ornithology and conchology. Therefore, along with a comprehensive knowledge of the genera of flora and fauna, I can identify most native bird species. Then of course, I spent my time illustrating these through artistic media.” This authentic and priceless little book — 65 pages in length, including 15 illustrations and an extensive “Bibliography & References” section — transports us to the serenity and mystical green beauty of the English countryside, and wastes no words at all. The chapters are short, yet the content is profound, and repeated readings bring further understanding. The first chapter is titled “Etheric Clairvoyance,” and, in addition to offering essential biographical information, it describes subtle awakenings within the spiritual world, especially the Elemental world. The second chapter describes an encounter, in a lucid dream, with “The Lady of the Well,” who is perceived inside a hollow Faery mound. “Her disposition was both generous and kind and also somewhat homely and house-proud. Bearing no sign of old age she was not young either, rather ageless.” More »

No Man Knows My History: The Life of Joseph Smith

No Man Knows My History: The Life of Joseph Smith By Fawn M. Brodie

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By Fawn M. Brodie
First Vintage Books Edition, 1995; originally published by Alfred A. Knopf in 1945. Click to buy this book!

In the Preface of the first edition of her book, author Fawn M. Brodie (1915–1981) sums up the challenges faced by all those who decide to undertake a serious study of the life of Joseph Smith, Jr. (1805–1844), founder of Mormonism: “It was in a funeral sermon that the Mormon prophet flung a challenge to his future biographers. To an audience of ten thousand in his bewitching city of Nauvoo, Joseph Smith said on April 7, 1844: ‘You don’t know me; you never knew my heart. No man knows my history. I cannot tell it; I shall never understand it. I don’t blame anyone for not believing my history. If I had not experienced what I have, I could not have believed it myself.’ Since that moment of candor at least three-score writers have taken up the gauntlet. Many have abused him; some have deified him; a few have tried their hands at clinical diagnosis. All have insisted, either directly or by implication, that they knew his story. But the results have been fantastically dissimilar.” Having been raised in a Mormon family, Fawn McKay Brodie departed from the faith and perhaps wrote her first historic biography as a means of coming to terms with this towering, shadowy and perplexing figure of her childhood. Later she wrote biographies of Thaddeus Stevens, Sir Richard F. Burton, Thomas Jefferson and Richard Nixon, and became the first female professor of history at the University of California, Los Angeles. In the Preface to the 1970 edition of No Man Knows My History she acknowledges “the continuing growth of a considerable literature on human behavior, some of which is decidedly relevant to an understanding of the more baffling aspects of the Mormon prophet’s character.” She points out in the 1970 psychoanalytical Supplement that it is not intended to be a comprehensive clinical portrait, “which would have to be the work of a professional based on much more intimate knowledge of the man than is presently possible.” However, despite these cautious remarks, as well as a statement that “the clinical definitions of 1970 cannot easily be superimposed on the social and political realities of 1840,” her lack of  comprehension of Christian esotericism, spirituality and the nature of visionary experience and clairvoyance leaves her little option other than repeating a number of psychological suppositions, such as “unconscious conflicts over his own identity,” “pseudologia fantastica,” “parapath,” “alienated from reality,” “grandiose” and “megalomania.”

From the point of view of Anthroposophy (defined as knowledge of the human being, sophy meaning wisdom and anthro referring to the human being) it would seem that the young, charismatic “Joe Smith” had genuine visionary experiences and may have been deeply connected by destiny with the pre-Christian history of settlement on the American continents by foreign peoples. This awareness could have been awakened in him by a reading of the 1823 publication by Ethan Smith: View of the Hebrews. There would be no wrong at all in the likelihood that the work of Ethan Smith was instrumental in the inspiration of The Book of Mormon. Joseph Smith was also obviously moved by his readings and studies of the Old Testament, particularly Isaiah, which spoke to him personally, and from which he drew strength for his life and his spiritual aspirations. Author Fawn Brodie casts doubt on the originality and authenticity of The Book of Mormon in citing Ethan Smith’s work in particular. More »

Armenian Golgotha: A Memoir of the Armenian Genocide, 1915 – 1918

Armenian Golgotha: A Memoir of the Armenian Genocide, 1915-1918, by Grigoris Balakian, and Peter Balakian.By Grigoris Balakian, Translated by Peter Balakian with Aris Sevag
A Borzoi Book, published by Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 2009 Click to Buy this Book!

Grigoris Balakian (1876–1934) was a priest and later a bishop in the Armenian Apostolic Church. He had studied engineering in Germany, entered an Armash Seminary in Constantinople, and had served as a minister before being called to administrative and diplomatic service by the Apostolic Patriarchate. He was a divinity student at the University of Berlin in July of 1914 when the assassination in Sarajevo led to World War I. In the midst of the initial chaotic war frenzy he managed through many difficulties to return to his home in Constantinople, aware that the war had also “stirred the Armenophobic feelings of the Turkish people.” Throughout the entire book there is never a lessening of his compassionate sense of responsibility for the Armenian people and the preservation of their national and folk identity, nor of his soul’s spiritual foundation, a source of strength that becomes essential during a sojourn extending over years through conditions almost too horrific to comprehend. Some of his responses are similar to those revealed in the witness literature of the World War II Holocaust survivors. In Chankiri, where the deported Constantinople Armenians were held for a time, Balakian, with great conviction, tells a distressed friend that “… at whatever cost, I had decided not to die, so that I could see the emancipated dawn of a reborn Armenia.” Later he has cause to write: “Oh, my tribulation is unbearable …” and if he managed to survive he would “… attest to this great crime to future generations.”

At the worst moments during the extreme deprivation and unrelieved horror on the journey by foot from Chankiri toward Der Zor in the Syrian desert, where there would be no chance of survival for any possible emaciated survivors, the ever-present fear of painful death from government-sanctioned murder — that becomes inflamed by cupidity — is overcome through visualizations of climbing higher on the hill of Golgotha. As in the Holocaust literature, near the end of all endurance, death is no longer to be feared and becomes the friend.

Balakian’s renown and capable leadership saves his particular group of exiles many times.  However, his physical strength nearly gives out on one occasion when Shukri Bey [Captain Shukri], by way of stressing the dangers of the vicinity through which they are passing, leads him to a small valley that is full of the massacred (page 160): “… It is difficult to describe the shocking sight of these martyred compatriots, and I don’t remember ever having found myself this close to my grave. Such proximity to death made me feel weak, and as my already tired legs became wobbly, I fell to the ground. I did not, however, lose consciousness. In the wink of the eye, all the notable events of my life flashed before me like a motion picture, and I became bewildered, imagining that from one minute to the next we could be subjected to the same black fate.” Shukri Bey helps him to his feet: “Don’t be afraid, murabhasa effendi [respected bishop], there’s no danger for our caravan …” As on past occasions, a generous bribe was necessary.

Grigoris Balakian was the great-uncle of Peter Balakian. From the Introduction: “The literature of witness has had a significant impact on our understanding of the twentieth century. What we know about our age of catastrophe we know in crucial part from memoirs such as Primo Levi’s Survival in Auschwitz, Elie Wiesel’s Night, Michihiko Hachiya’s Hiroshima Diary, Nadezhda Mandelstam’s Hope Against Hope, and many others, stories that have taken us inside episodes of mass violence and killing, genocide and torture. They have allowed us acquaintance with individual victims and perpetrators, offering insights into the nature of torture, cruelty, suffering, survival, and death. By the end of the twentieth century some scholars had referred to our time as an age of testimony. Grigoris Balakian’s Armenian Golgotha, for decades an important text of Armenian literature, belongs to a group of significant books that deal with crimes against humanity in the modern age.” More »

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